Methods of manufacturing light-emitting elements including providing an emissive layer and a carrier transfer layer between a pair of electrodes, the carrier transfer layer mainly made of an organic polymer and contacting the emissive layer, performing an affinity improvement treatment to a face of a first electrode of the pair of electrodes on which the carrier transfer layer is formed, forming a liquid film by providing a liquid material containing a constituent material of the emissive layer, the organic polymer and a fluid medium to the face of the first electrode and separating the organic polymer on the first electrode side, and separating the constituent material of the emissive layer on a second electrode side of the pair of electrodes while removing the fluid medium from the liquid film, wherein the carrier transfer layer and the emissive layer are simultaneously formed.