Instruments for reducing spinal stabilization rods into position in pedicle screws or other bone anchors placed on a spine. In some embodiments, instruments are provided which include inner and outer extensions adapted for engaging, respectively, pedicle screws and rods. Handles of the instrument can engage a parallel action compressor which actuate the extensions. The handles may be offset from the extensions by a distance in a direction along a longitudinal axis of the extensions, in a direction perpendicular thereto, or a combination thereof. Instruments of some embodiments can include locking, or ratchet, mechanisms extending between the handles. A biasing member may bias the handles apart from each other and assist in engaging the locking or ratchet mechanism. Surgical instrument kits including rod reduction instruments are provided by some embodiments. According to some embodiments, methods for reducing spinal stabilization rods into their desired positions are also provided.