A medical device for examination or treatment based on a reference point, including: an image pickup section capable of picking up an image of a bronchus in a patient; a VBS image generation section configured to generate a virtual endoscopic image of bronchus in a patient from a plurality of different line-of-sight positions based on three-dimensional image data of the patient that is obtained in advance; an image retrieval section configured to retrieve a virtual endoscopic image highly similar to the endoscopic image of the bronchus picked up by the image pickup section; and a reference-point setting section configured to set a predetermined position near the image pickup section as a reference point based on the line-of-sight positions of the highly similar virtual endoscopic image.