The present invention provides a process for preparing an extract of Rhus verniciflua by using water and organic solvents to extract active ingredients, which comprises (a) adding water or a mixture of water and alcohol as the solvent to Rhus verniciflua to extract the soluble components, then filtering the resultant product to obtain a filtrate, and concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain a solid fraction; (b) re-extracting the solid fraction obtained in the previous step with highly purified ethanol, then filtering the resultant product to obtain a filtrate, and concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain a solid fraction; (c) adding a saturated hydrocarbon having 5 to 7 carbon atoms to the solid fraction obtained in the previous step to dissolve allergy-inducing components, and then removing the hydrocarbon to obtain a solid fraction; and (d) adding water to the solid fraction obtained in the previous step to extract water-soluble components. The extract obtained according to the process for preparing an extract of Rhus verniciflua of the invention does not induce allergies, since toxic substances of lacquer are effectively removed, and various inherent active ingredients of lacquer can be extracted with high yield, compared with conventional processes.