The present apparatus comprises a radio access network element having at
least one processor, and at least one memory operably connected to the at
least one processor, whereby the radio access network element is adapted
to execute instructions stored in the memory comprising discovery of at
least one other element in a radio access network. The radio access
element further comprises instructions for removal or addition of network
elements, instructions for determining a paging area and instructions for
forwarding messages from a mobile to a controller in another domain.