Disclosed are a robot joint driving apparatus and a robot having the same. The robot joint driving apparatus includes a driving motor being rotatable in forward and reverse directions; a pair of movable members connected to the driving motor, and moving rectilinearly in mutually opposite directions according to the rotation of the driving motor; a wire provided with both ends respectively connected to the pair of movable members; and a joint unit, on which the wire is wound, driven by the movement of the wire.