The inventions described in this patent application include i) a
torqueable introducer sheath which is useable in conjunction with a
transvascular passageway forming catheter to effect precise rotational
control of the catheter; ii) an anchorable guide catheter which is
useable in conjunction with an intravascular imaging catheter and a
transvascular passageway-forming catheter to effect precise positioning
and aiming of the passageway-forming catheter; iii) a passageway forming
catheter having a torqueable proximal portion to facilitate precise
rotational positioning of the distal portion of the catheter; iv) a
deflectable-tipped passageway forming catheter, v) various markers and
other apparatus useable in conjunction with any of the passageway-forming
catheters to facilitate precise positioning and aiming of the catheter,
and vi) an apparatus which may be formed within a catheter to prevent a
member, apparatus of flow of material from being inadvertently advanced
through a lumen of the catheter.