Devices are provided for regulating the pressure pulses and flow pulses
that are emitted in the exhausts of apparatus and equipment such as
internal combustion engines, compressors and poppet valves. The pressure
pulses are reflected from a reflecting member to their source as
expansion waves that create a reduced pressure zone that allows
subsequently emitted flow pulses to be more easily emitted, thereby
enhancing the operational efficiency of the apparatus and equipment. Flow
pulses that contain exhaust products such as the products of combustion
from an internal combustion engine are regulated so that the exhaust flow
they generate is not unduly restricted within the device and an
undesirable back pressure that resists the emission of flow pulses from
their source created. In regulating the pressure and flow pulses, the
devices attenuate the noise generated by the pressure and flow pulses.