A lower electrode film is formed above a semiconductor substrate first,
and then a ferroelectric film is formed on the lower electrode film.
After that, an upper electrode film is formed on the ferroelectric film.
When forming the upper electrode, an IrO.sub.x film containing
crystallized small crystals when formed is formed on the ferroelectric
film first, and then an IrO.sub.x film containing columnar crystals is
formed.