The present invention relates to a process for producing a coated textile, which comprises treating a textile substrate, without prior application of a primer, with an aqueous liquor comprising (A) at least one solid in particulate form having an average particle diameter in the range from 1 to 500 nm, (B) at least one hydrophobic polymer, (C) at least one condensation product of at least one amino-containing compound and at least one aldehyde or dialdehyde and if appropriate of at least one alcohol.