The invention describes compounds, compositions, and methods of using the
same comprising a chemical moiety covalently attached to amphetamine.
These compounds and compositions are useful for reducing or preventing
abuse and overdose of amphetamine. These compounds and compositions find
particular use in providing an abuse-resistant alternative treatment for
certain disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD), ADD, narcolepsy, and obesity. Oral bioavailability of amphetamine
is maintained at therapeutically useful doses. At higher doses
bioavailability is substantially reduced, thereby providing a method of
reducing oral abuse liability. Further, compounds and compositions of the
invention decrease the bioavailability of amphetamine by parenteral
routes, such as intravenous or intranasal administration, further
limiting their abuse liability.