Digital mixers which permit mixing of asynchronous signals are constructed
of Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) logic elements. The logic elements
may include an RSFQ non-destructive readout cell (NDRO), an RSFQ D
flip-flop, an RSFQ XOR circuit, and an RSFQ T flip-flop. A binary tree
arrangement of T flip-flops can be used to provide in-phase and
quadrature phase-divided replicas of a reference signal. The mixing
elements can be either an XOR circuit, a dual port NDRO circuit
functioning as a multiplexer or an RS type NDRO functioning as an AND
gate. The RSFQ logic elements utilize Josephson junctions which operate
in superconducting temperature domains.