A method and composition for preventing and treating all forms of osteonecrosis of the jaw are disclosed. The composition is comprised of 0.005%-2.0% weight/volume (w/v) chlorine dioxide source, such as sodium chlorite, chlorite ion, stabilized chlorine dioxide or similar and may take the form of a paste, gel, rinse, spray, powder, varnish or similar. The method for treatment and prevention includes the application of the composition in the oral cavity and other body areas affected by osteonecrosis of the jaw.