Negative electrodes and non-aqueous secondary batteries that comprise the negative electrodes are disclosed. The electrode comprises a current collector; and a mixture on the current collector, the mixture comprising a negative electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder. The active material has the overall composition: AM.sup.1.sub.qM.sup.2.sub.1-qO.sub.y; in which (1) A is Li.sub.X or Li.sub.X-rG.sub.r, in which G is selected from Na, K, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and mixtures thereof, in which G and M.sup.1 are different; (2) 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.3; 0