A battery capable of improving cycle characteristics is provided. An anode contains Si as an element. Where the Li insertion amount per unit area when the anode is fully charged is A, the Li amount capable of being electronically inserted per unit area of the anode is B, and the maximum utilization ratio C % is (A/B).times.100, the maximum utilization ratio C % is in the range from 35% to 85%. The surface roughness Ra value of the anode current collector is 0.2 .mu.m or more.