A waveguide structure is provided. The waveguide structure includes a
photonic crystal structure comprising gyromagnetic materials arranged in
a two-dimensional lattice formation that exhibits a plurality of one-way
modes produced as a result of magneto-optic effects. One or more
confining barriers are positioned around the photonic crystal structure
so as to allow the one-way modes to propagate through the photonic
crystal structure. One or more radiation sources are positioned in or
around the photonic crystal structure so as to couple electromagnetic
energy into and out of the waveguide. One or more static external
magnetic field sources induce the magneto-optic effects such that the
one-way modes are allowed to propagate in one direction in the photonic
crystal structure.