A Bioluminescent Paintball 10 includes a shell 12 defining an interior cavity 14, a liquefied substance 16 disposed within the interior cavity 14, a phosphorescent material 18 disbursed throughout the shell 12 for providing a visible "tracing" effect when the bioluminescent paintball 10 is ejected from a paintball discharge device, a neutralizing agent 20 disbursed throughout the liquefied substance 16 for neutralizing calcium disbursed throughout the liquefied substance 16 thereby preventing light emission before the paintball 10 impacts a target, and a photoprotein 22 disbursed throughout the liquefied substance 16 for reacting with calcium disposed upon a target after the bioluminescent paintball 10 impacts the target, thereby rupturing the shell 12 and allowing the liquefied substance 16 to engage the calcium to produce visible light. A paintball 100 includes a shell 102 defining an interior cavity 104, an insoluble coating 106 disposed upon an inner surface 108 of the shell 102, and an aqueous material 110 disposed within the cavity 104 such that the aqueous material 110 engages the insoluble coating 106, thereby preventing the aqueous material 110 from dissolving the shell 102, and promoting the marking of a target via the aqueous material 110 when the paintball 100 forcibly engages the target and ruptures the shell 102. A paintball 200 includes first and second half shell portions 202 and 204 with recesses 206 that receive respective first and second liquids 208 and 210 containing dyes or other marking pigments. The second liquid 210 becomes relatively viscous after being disposed in the second shell portion 204, thereby allowing the second shell portion 204 to be inverted with the second liquid 210 maintaining a constant position in the "up-side down" second shell portion 204 to promote the integral joining of the first and second half shell portions 202 and 204 to form a paintball 200.