Liquid hydrocarbons are removed from waste pits where they exist in a free
state, via physical or mechanical methods (with heat or otherwise). The
pits are blinded and closed once the areas altered by confinement of the
selected material have been cleaned, using clean granular material from
nearby quarries or gravel pits. The bituminous mixture or liquid
oil-bearing material extracted from the pits is filitered and stabilized,
using heat or chemicals, by means of a Portable Crude Stabilizer Tank.
After filtering thick emulsion contaminated solid debris, the remaining
oil-bearing mass is preheated and immediately liquefied in a tank, using
preheating coils and, optionally, injecting chemicals. Final filtration
and breaking the oil-bearing emulsion down into its components occurs in
a closed horizontal or tilted receptacle, lined with thermal insulation,
with diameters ranging form 43 to 86 inches, and a total length of around
15, 30 or 45 feet (varying in accordance with the required treatment
speed). The receptacle operates at different internal pressures, starting
with atmospheric pressure, and at temperatures ranging from ambient
temperature to a few degrees below steam temperature, so as not to exceed
the boiling point.