A vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, using for vertical lift and
lateral thrust a redundant plurality of essentially similar
electrically-powered and electronically-controlled thrust units mounted
in a mechanically static or fixed fashion relative to one another in a
substantially horizontal plane. The thrust units are situated in this
planar array in aerodynamically approximate pairs, such that a complete
failure of a single thrust unit would not substantially compromise the
ability of the aircraft to maintain flight.