The present invention features methods for selecting a patient with an enhanced therapeutic response to a botulinum toxin treatment of a headache. In some embodiments, the methods comprise the step of identifying a patient who is not using a prophylactic headache pain medication, a patient who is overusing an acute pain medication, a patient who suffers four or more hours of headache pain per headache, a patient who has a chronic daily headache for twenty or more years, and/or a patient who has twenty or more headache days out of a 30-day-month.