Poly(1,4-dihydroxy)-phenylenes (polyhydroquinones) having antihypoxic and antioxidative properties and prolonged paramagnetism, and represented by general formula: ##STR00001## where n=0-13. The polyhydroquinones possess the possibility to increase significantly the labour-efficiency of an organism. The polyhydroquinones can be produced by hydrolysis of arbutin containing vegetable raw material followed by its polymerization; by polymerization of hydroquinone in the presence of catalyst (and without it); or by reduction of hydroquinone followed by polymerization along with purification.