A process for converting an arylamine into an arylamine derivative,
includes (i) providing a first arylamine compound; (ii) formylating the
first arylamine compound to form a formyl substituted arylamine compound,
where the first arylamine compound is not a formyl substituted arylamine
compound; and (iii) acidifying the formyl substituted arylamine compound,
in the presence of a solvent and a solid organic catalyst, to convert
formyl functional groups into acid functional groups to form an acidified
compound.