Methods for disinfecting and removing smear layer from prepared tooth
surfaces are provided. The methods involve irrigating the tooth surface
with a disinfectant solution containing doxycycline or tetracycline, a
surfactant such as polysorbate, and organic acid such as citric acid. The
methods can be used in various dental treatments including, for example,
endodontic and periodontic procedures as well as tooth restoration and
reconstruction.