A nano-resonating structure constructed and adapted to couple energy from
a beam of charged particles into said nano-resonating structure and to
transmit coupled energy outside the nano-resonating structure. A
plurality of the nano-resonant substructures may be formed adjacent one
another in a stacked array, and each may have various shapes, including
segmented portions of shaped structures, circular, semi-circular, oval,
square, rectangular, semi-rectangular, C-shaped, U-shaped and other
shapes as well as designs having a segmented outer surface or area, and
arranged in a vertically stacked array comprised of one or more
ultra-small resonant structures. The vertically stacked arrays may be
symmetric or asymmetric, tilted, and/or staggered.