This invention relates to manufacturing of integrated circuits (ICs) and
especially conductive layers suitable for use in an IC. According to the
preferred method a metal oxide thin film is deposited on a substrate
surface and reduced thereafter essentially into a metallic form with an
organic reducing agent. The metal oxide is preferably deposited according
to the principles of atomic layer deposition (ALD) using a metal source
chemical and an oxygen source chemical. The reduction step is preferably
carried out in an ALD reactor using one or more vaporized organic
compounds that contain at least one functional group selected from the
group consisting of --OH, --CHO and --COOH.