A contacting mechanical end face seal for use in applications having slow
shaft rotational speeds, such as mixers, agitators and reactors, includes
at least one seal ring having a face with spiral grooves. Both hydrostatic
and hydrodynamic lift characteristics in the seal are utilized to generate
and maintain a seal gap having sufficient stiffness to prevent contact of
the seal ring faces during operation. Specific characteristics, or
combinations of them, include a land to groove ratio between 0.2-0.9,
tapered groove surfaces which are inclined from the O.D. toward the dam,
groove area to land area ratios greater than 1.5, a stepped groove having
a greater depth at the O.D. relative to the depth adjacent the dam,
alternating deep and shallow grooves, and groove area to dam area ratio in
the interface greater than 1.2. Disposing the grooves in the axially
movable primary ring and providing a greater sealing area for the opposing
mating ring seal face limits angular load imbalance in the seal by
maintaining the grooved area within the seal interface. The seal may be
utilizable in both single or dual seal arrangements.