A new class of surface modified particles and a multi-step Michael-type addition
surface modification process for the preparation of the same is provided. The multi-step
Michael-type addition surface modification process involves two or more reactions
to compatibilize particles with various host systems and/or to provide the particles
with particular chemical reactivities. The initial step comprises the attachment
of a small organic compound to the surface of the inorganic particle. The subsequent
steps attach additional compounds to the previously attached organic compounds
through reactive organic linking groups. Specifically, these reactive groups are
activated carboncarbon pi bonds and carbon and non-carbon nucleophiles
that react via Michael or Michael-type additions.
