There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus to ensure excellent light
conductivity. A cover is integrally provided over a transparent substrate sandwiching
a fluid (cushioning material) of a gel, liquid, or gaseous substance. With this
structure, dust generated in assembly process is prohibited from getting on the
transparent substrate, and even when other members or an assembly machine hit and
bend the cover during the assembly process, the bending is absorbed by the fluid,
and a light reflection pattern formed on the transparent substrate is protected
against damages, whereby excellent light conductivity can be maintained.
