The invention concerns the use of the apobec-1 protein or associated proteins for treating atherosclerosis and obesity, type II diabetes (non-insulin-dependent), or other diseases, characterised in particular by hyperlipidemia and/or hyperglycemia, caused for example by a level of chylomicrons and/or VLDL in the plasma above normal. The invention also concerns the cloning of the gene(s) of Anderson disease as target for treating atheroscelerosis, obesity and type II diabetes (non-insulin-dependent), or other diseases characterised in particular by hyperlipidemia and/or hyperglycermia.