A method and apparatus is disclosed for sequential processing of integrated circuits,
particularly for conductively passivating a contact pad with a material which resists
formation of resistive oxides. In particular, a tank is divided into three compartments,
each holding a different solution: a lower compartment and two upper compartments
divided by a barrier, which extends across and partway down the tank. The solutions
have different densities and therefore separate into different layers. In the illustrated
embodiment, integrated circuits with patterned contact pads are passed through
one of the upper compartments, in which oxide is removed from the contact pads.
Continuing downward into the lower compartment and laterally beneath the barrier,
a protective layer is selectively formed on the insulating layer surrounding the
contact pads. As the integrated circuits are moved upwardly into the second upper
compartment, a conducting monomer selectively forms on the contact pads prior to
any exposure to air. The integrated circuits can then be transferred to an ozone
chamber where polymerization results in a conductive passivation layer on the contact pad.