Disclosed are shampoo compositions that provide a superior combination of anti-dandruff efficacy and conditioning, and a method of cleansing and conditioning the hair comprising applying to the hair and scalp an amount of said compositions. The anti-dandruff and conditioning shampoos comprise: (A) from about 5% to about 50%, by weight, of an anionic surfactant; (B) from about 0.01% to about 10%, by weight, of a non-volatile conditioning agent; (C) from about 0.1% to about 4%, by weight, of an anti-dandruff agent; (D) from about 0.02% to about 5%, by weight, of at least one cationic polymer; and (E) water. The compositions (A) have a bioavailability/coverage index value, as defined herein, of at least about 1.25; (B) have a first conditioning index value, as defined herein, of less than or equal to about 1.0; (C) have a second conditioning index value, as defined herein, of at least about 1.5; and (D) have a minimal inhibitory concentration index value, as defined herein, of at least about 0.125.