Systems and methods are provided for pricing, selling, and/or otherwise distributing
electronic content using auction mechanisms. A randomized auction mechanism is
used to determine both the number of goods that are sold and the selling price.
The auction mechanism automatically adapts to the bid distribution to yield revenue
that is competitive with that which could be obtained if the vendor were able to
determine the optimal fixed price for the goods. In one embodiment a set of bids
is randomly or quasi-randomly partitioned into two or more groups. An optimal threshold
is determined for each group, and this threshold is then used to select winning
bids from one or more of the other groups. In another embodiment, each bid is compared
to a competing bid that is randomly or quasi-randomly selected from the set of
bids. If the bid is less than the randomly-selected competing bid, the bid is rejected.
Otherwise, the bid is accepted and the bidder buys the auctioned item at the price
of the randomly-selected bid.