The image forming apparatus comprises: an ejection head which ejects droplets having electro rheological effects onto a recording medium; a holding device which holds the recording medium, the holding device being disposed at a position facing an ejection side surface of the ejection head, the recording medium interposing between the ejection head and the holding device; a pair of electrodes which is disposed on the holding device, the pair of electrodes comprising a first electrode and a second electrode; and a voltage application device which applies a voltage to the pair of electrodes.