The present invention stacks chip scale-packaged integrated circuits (CSPs) into
low profile modules that conserve PWB or other board surface area. Low profile
contacts are created by any of a variety of methods and materials. A consolidated
low profile contact structure and technique is provided for use in alternative
embodiments of the present invention. Multiple numbers of CSPs may be stacked in
accordance with the present invention. The CSPs employed in stacked modules devised
in accordance with the present invention are connected with flex circuitry that
exhibit one or two or more conductive layers.