A serverless name resolution protocol ensures convergence despite the size
of the network, without requiring an ever-increasing cache and with a
reasonable numbers of hops. This convergence is ensured through a
multi-level cache and a proactive cache initialization strategy. The
multi-level cache is built based on a circular number space. Each level
contains information from different levels of slivers of the circular
space. A mechanism is included to add a level to the multi-level cache
when the node determines that the last level is full. A peer-to-peer name
resolution protocol (PNRP) includes a mechanism to allow resolution of
names which are mapped onto the circular number space through a hash
function. Further, the PNRP may also operate with the domain name system
by providing each node with an identification consisting of a domain name
service (DNS) component and a unique number.