An apparatus and method are provided for angularly extruding a workpiece
through a die to form blanks and articles having refined grain structure.
The die is also used to form the workpiece to a desired shape, such as a
cylinder. The angular extrusion method can be used in place of some heat
treatments, thereby lowering the cost and time for manufacturing
articles. The method is compatible with materials with high
strength-to-weight ratios such as aluminum, titanium, and alloys thereof.
The blanks can be used to form articles having favorable mechanical
properties such as strength, toughness, formability, and resistance to
fatigue, corrosion, and thermal stresses.