The invention relates to the use of one or more antimicrobial metals
preferably selected from silver, gold, platinum, and palladium but most
preferably silver, formed with atomic disorder, and preferably in a
nanocrystalline form, for reducing inflammation or infection of the
mucosal membrane. The antimicrobial metal may be formulated as, or used
in the form of, a nanocrystalline coating of one or more antimicrobial or
noble metals, a nanocrystalline powder of one or more antimicrobial or
noble metals, or a liquid or solution containing dissolved species from a
nanocrystalline powder or coating of one or more antimicrobial or noble
metals.