Novel compounds are disclosed that have the following chemical structures, and prodrug esters and acid-addition salts thereof, that are useful as Interleukin-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-.alpha. modulators, and thus are useful in the treatment of various diseases. ##STR00001## wherein the R groups are defined as follows: if any R.sub.3 R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.11 R.sub.13 is not hydrogen, R.sub.2 or R.sub.6 or R.sub.9 is not methyl, or R.sub.10 is not CH.sub.2, then R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen, COOH, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 carboxylic acids, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 acyl halides, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 acyl residues, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 esters, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 secondary amides, (C.sub.1 C.sub.12)(C.sub.1 C.sub.12) tertiary amides, (C.sub.1 C.sub.12)(C.sub.1 C.sub.12) cyclic amides, (C.sub.1 C.sub.12) amines, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 alcohols, (C.sub.1 C.sub.12)(C.sub.1 C.sub.12) ethers, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 alkyls, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 substituted alkyls, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkenyls, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 substituted alkenyls, and C.sub.5 C.sub.12 aryls. If all R.sub.3 R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.11 R.sub.13 are hydrogen, R.sub.2, R.sub.6, and R.sub.9 are each methyl, and R.sub.10 is CH.sub.2, then R.sub.1 is selected from hydrogen, a halogen, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 carboxylic acids, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 acyl halides, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 acyl residues, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 esters, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 secondary amides, (C.sub.1 C.sub.12)(C.sub.1 C.sub.12) tertiary amides, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alcohols, (C.sub.1 C.sub.12)(C.sub.1 C.sub.12) ethers other than methyl-acetyl ether, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkyls, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 substituted alkyls, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkenyls, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 substituted alkenyls, and C.sub.2 C.sub.12 aryls. R.sub.2 and R.sub.9 are each separately selected from hydrogen, a halogen, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 substituted alkyls, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkenyl, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 substituted alkenyl, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkynyl, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 acyl, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 alcohol, and C.sub.5 C.sub.12 aryl. R.sub.3 R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, and R.sub.11 R.sub.13 are each separately selected from hydrogen, a halogen, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 substituted alkyls, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkenyl, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 substituted alkenyl, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkynyl, and C.sub.5 C.sub.12 aryl. R.sub.6 is selected from hydrogen, a halogen, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 substituted alkyls, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkenyl, C.sub.2 C.sub.12 substituted alkenyl, and C.sub.2 C.sub.12 alkynyl. R.sub.10 is selected from hydrogen, a halogen, CH.sub.2, C.sub.1 C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 C.sub.6 substituted alkyl, C.sub.2 C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.2 C.sub.6 substituted alkenyl, C.sub.1 C.sub.12 alcohol, and C.sub.5 C.sub.12 aryl. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising, and uses of, therapeutically effective amounts of the aove compounds and their prodrug esters, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, are also disclosed, and are useful as, for example, anti-inflammatory analgesics, in treating immune disorders, as anti-cancer and anti-tumor agents, and in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, skin redness, and viral infection. Completely synthetic and semi-synthetic methods of making these compounds and their analogs, are also disclosed.