The invention concerns a method for capturing the target proteins indispensable to the infectious cycles of a pathogenic virus, in particular the rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) and for cloning the genes involved in said processes. The invention therefore concerns a method for identifying molecular markers of the resistance to RYMV. The method involves the isolation of said protein complexes with viral particles. The method consists in subjecting the samples containing said complexes to electrophoresis and Western Blot using a capsid anti-protein monoclonal antibody, and in recuperating the non-immunodetected bands. The invention also concerns a cDNA capable of being hybridized with a BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) screened from a bank consisting of DNA fragments of a variety of rice such as IR64. Said BAC clone contains DNA sequences of the markers identified from the rice by means of a process which consists in comparing the AFLP (Amplified Length Polymorphism) of resistant and sensitive rice plants.