A combination non-invasive analyte reading and sample analyte reading device for both non-invasively measuring the presence, absence, or concentration of one or more analytes in a tissue of a subject and measuring the presence, absence, or concentration of one or more analytes in a biological sample of a subject includes a device housing; one or more outputs carried by the device housing; one or more inputs carried by the device housing to control operation of the device; a non-invasive analyte reader carried by the device housing and configured to measure the presence, absence, or concentration of one or more analytes in a tissue of a subject; and a sample analyte reader carried by the device housing and configured to measure the presence, absence, or concentration of one or more analytes in a biological sample of a subject.