The present invention provides blowing agent introduction systems and
methods for introducing blowing agent into polymeric foam processing
systems. The methods may involve introducing one or more doses of blowing
agent into polymeric material in an extruder during a plastication period
of a molding cycle. Prior to introduction, a dose is confined in an
accumulator which, for example, has a volume defined between an inlet
valve and an outlet valve. A control system may receive inputs related to
system parameters (e.g., pressure of polymeric material in extruder,
axial position of screw in barrel, whether screw is rotating, and the
like) and based on the inputs coordinates operation of the valves to
confine and introduce the blowing agent dose(s). The introduction systems
may be used in discontinuous plasticating processes, such as injection
molding and blow molding, and can be particularly useful in processes
that use precise quantities of blowing agent.