A satellite broadcast conditional access system with key synchronization
uses indexing of an authorization stream to quickly restart the
decrypting process after short carrier fades and after carrier switches.
The authorization stream includes cyphered seeds and index numbers which
are sequentially sent to a group of receivers. The same authorization
stream can also be broadcast multiple times to the group of receivers. A
conditional access server selects a starting index number and increments
the index number by a predefined value. The receivers have a memory to
save the current index number for the authorization stream. Any receiver
that loses its connection to the broadcast and thereafter reestablishes
its connection can retrieve the latest index number being issued in the
authorization stream and compare it with the stored index number. When
the index numbers match or are within a defined threshold, the receiver
will continue to decypher the seeds and decrypt the transport stream.