An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system that converts an analog input
signal into a digital output circuit uses a method of shaping a
pseudo-random signal such that the ADC system can be used with input
signals having wider swings. The ADC system also includes a quantizer
having a comparator offset of less than =/-1/4 least significant bit
(LSB) in a stage calibrated for gain errors. A method of operating an ADC
circuit includes measuring an amplitude and polarity of an input signal
voltage and changing characteristics of a pseudo-random signal to ensure
that a subsequent stage of the ADC circuit is not saturated. An
implementation of the ADC circuit alters the pseudo-random signal based
on the amplitude of the input signal such that when the input signal goes
close to a positive rail, the pseudo-random signal alternates between a
first range, and when the input signal goes close to a negative rail, the
pseudo-random signal alternates between a second range.