Apparatus and methods for controlling a system that operates responsive to
a plurality of input control signals are disclosed. During operation the
system generates a plurality of output status/control signals. A master
controller has at least first and second controllers. The first
controller outputs and inputs signals over a first communication path,
and the second controller outputs and inputs signals over a second
communication path. The first and second controllers output signals based
on input signals received over the first and second communication paths,
respectively, and also based on stored control data. A plurality of
input/output modules are provided. Each of the input/output modules has
first and second slave controllers. The first slave controller of each of
the input/output modules inputs and outputs signals over the first
communication path to the first controller, and the second slave
controller outputs and inputs signals over the second communication path.
Each of the first slave controllers outputs and inputs signals to and
from a first input/output circuit, and each of the second slave
controllers outputs and inputs signals to and from a second input/output
circuit. Each of the input/output modules also includes a combiner
circuit. At least some of the input control signals for controlling the
system are generated by the combiner circuit of each input/output module
based on signals output from both the first and second input/output
circuits. The output control signals for controlling the system are
generated based on output status/control signals from the system that are
coupled to each of the first and second input/output circuits of the
input/output modules.