Liquid cooled systems having coolant circulation loops must often operate
in below freezing conditions. For instance, in various applications
certain fuel cell systems must be able to tolerate repeated shutdown and
storage in below freezing conditions. Conventional glycol-based coolants
typically used for internal combustion engines are generally unsuitable
for use in the associated fuel cell cooling subsystems due to the
presence of additives and/or inhibitors which are normally included to
deal with problems relating to decomposition of the glycol. With
additives or inhibitors present, the coolant conductivity can be
sufficiently high as to result in electrical shorting or corrosion
problems. However, provided the purity of the coolant is maintained, a
pure glycol and water coolant mixture may be used as a fuel cell system
coolant to obtain suitable antifreeze protection. Adequate purity can be
maintained by including an ion exchange resin unit in the cooling
subsystem.