An optical transducer includes an optical element for directing an
electromagnetic wave to a focal region and a metallic nano-structure
having a longitudinal axis non-parallel to an electric field of the
electromagnetic wave. The optical element for directing an
electromagnetic wave may comprise one of a solid immersion lens, a solid
immersion mirror, or a planar waveguide. The metallic nano-structure may
comprise a metallic pin. The metallic nano-structure may be structured
and arranged for resonant coupling of energy into a recording medium.