In a CPP magnetic head a free magnetic layer and a magnetic biasing layer
are disposed within a central layer stack. To pin the magnetization of
the bias layer, an antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer is fabricated on the
sides of the central stack. The AFM layer may be comprised of an
electrically non-conductive AFM material such as NiO, or, where the AFM
material is electrically conductive, such as PtMn or IrMn, a layer of
electrical insulation is deposited to prevent the sense current from
flowing through the outwardly disposed AFM layer. Portions of the bias
layer are deposited upon the outwardly disposed AFM layer, such that the
magnetization of the outwardly disposed portions of the bias layer are
pinned by the AFM layer, which creates an effective pinning of the
central portions of the bias layer. This then provides an effective
biasing of the magnetization of the free magnetic layer.