Apparatus and a method utilizing correlation interferometer direction
finding for determining the azimuth and elevation to an aircraft at long
range and flying at low altitudes above water with a transmitting radar
while resolving multipath signals. The signals from the radar are
received both directly and reflected from the surface of the water using
horizontally polarized and vertically polarized antenna arrays, are
digitized and are stored in separate covariant matrices. Eigenvalues for
the eigenvectors of the matrices processed on signal samples recorded on
horizontally polarized X arrays are compared to the eigenvalues for the
eigenvectors of the covariance matrices processed on signal samples
recorded on vertically polarized X arrays. Incident field polarization is
associated with the antenna array measurements that yield the strongest
eigenvalue. The eigenvector and eigenvalues for the strongest signal are
selected and used for subsequent signal processing. An initial global
search assuming mirror sea-state reflection conditions using the signal
eigenvector having the strongest eigenvalue is performed to yield an
approximate elevation .alpha. and azimuth .beta. to the aircraft. The
approximate values are then used as the starting point for a subsequent
conjugate gradient search to determine accurate elevation .alpha. and
azimuth .beta. to the aircraft.