A method of constructing a 3D geologically plausible velocity model for
efficient and accurate prestack imaging wherein embodiments of the
invention provide: (1) a method of calibrating velocity functions,
appropriately and effectively taking into account well (hard) and seismic
(soft) data as well as geological features, and trend fitting
("iDEPTHing") RMS velocities before curved-ray prestack time migration;
(2) a method of calibrating and trend fitting ("iDEPTHing") interval
velocities before prestack depth migration, appropriately and effectively
taking into account well (hard) and seismic (soft) data as well as
geological features; and (3) a method of constructing a geologically
plausible velocity model using the previous steps of velocity calibration
and trend fitting RMS and interval velocities, for efficient sequential
use in prestack time migration followed by prestack depth migration.
Advantages of the embodiments include providing a quick turnaround of
prestack time and depth migration to interpreters and cutting back
resource-intensive interpretation efforts for 3D seismic data The
invention has significant implications for improving aspects of oil and
gas exploration and production technologies, including pore pressure
prediction, prospect evaluation and seismic attribute analysis.