A driving controlling apparatus of a linear compressor and a method thereof are disclosed, in which a stroke is variably controlled at the time of a compression processing and a suction processing thus to prevent a consumption power decrease and a refrigerating capacity deficiency phenomenon and to enhance a reliability (v.u). A driving controlling method of a linear compressor, wherein a firing angle is respectively applied at the time of a compression processing and a suction processing according to a load state. The driving controlling apparatus comprises an electric circuit (20) for driving a linear compressor by varying a stroke by a piston movement; a voltage/current detecting unit (21) for detecting a voltage and a current generated at the electric circuit unit (20), a phase difference detecting unit (22) for receiving a voltage and a current from the voltage/current detecting unit (21) and thus detecting a voltage/current phase difference of a corresponding time point; and a stroke controlling unit (23) for receiving a phase difference from the phase difference detecting unit (22) and applying a stroke voltage to the electric circuit unit by differently applying a firing angle at the time of a compression processing and a suction processing, respectively on the basis of the input phase difference.